Most of the eastern coast of the Caspian Sea is dry, with the extreme southeastern corner leading directly onto the Kara Kum Desert. The monthly average airtemperature in January is -5 - 10°C in the north and near the east coast of the Middle Caspian, and is -1 - 5°C in Makhachkala area. Rashtdistinctly northern, and charming Gilaki-speaking capital of the Guilan-province. In the cold part of a year (December-February), when the intensity of an atmosphere circulation above Middle and South Caspian increases, the average wind speeds reaches 7-7,5 m/sec. The humidity of the air above the Caspian Sea increases from south to north at high sea and from east to west on shorelines. This period the humidity changes within 55-60% limits. The salinity of the Caspian is heavily dependent on the level of flow from the Volga. Currently, a large debate co… The Caspian Sea, located in western Asia on the eastern edges of Europe, is the largest lake on the planet. Eastern coast distinguishes by dryness, and the maximum quantity of perceptions does not exceed 10-20mm there. In summer monthly average airtemperature at sea is 24- 26 °C; The highest value can be found in the southeastern area in Krasnovodsk where the airtemperature is near 28oC. The term Ponto-Caspian region is used in biogeography of the flora and fauna of these steppes, including animals from the Black Sea, Caspian Sea, and Azov Sea. Air temperature
Caspian Iran, also known as Northern Iran, is a beautiful region of Iran along the coast of the Caspian Sea. In fact, by including the entire Volga River Basin, the Caspian has the largest catchment area in Europe (1.4 million square mi or 3.5 million square km). Caspian Sea Library -The Library provides background papers, maps, charts and statistics on export options for Caspian oil. Although the average wind speeds increases form the south to the north in warm period of a year as well as in cold period, the distinction between areas of the high sea and the coast is the least in this period: above the sea the average wind speeds change from 3 to 5 m/sec, above the coast - from 2 to 5 m/sec. General regularity of a regime of direction is such that the winds of northern (Northwest, North, and Northeast) and southeastern directions dominate above the sea the most part of a year. The Caspian Sea region has become a central focal point for untapped oil and natural gas resources from the southern portion of the former Soviet Union. KAZAKHSTAN - Other Oil Pipelines. THE CASPIAN SEA IS ONE of the world's largest bodies of water, situated in a depression between RUSSIA, KAZAKHSTAN, TURKMENISTAN, IRAN, and AZERBAIJAN.It is unique among the world's inland seas in that it is completely isolated from the rest of the global ocean and has a distinctive continental climate which gives the area extremes in temperature, from very hot summers to very cold winters. The Caspians (Persian: کاسپین ; Greek: Κάσπιοι, Kaspioi; Aramaic: kspy; Latin: Caspi, Caspiani) were a people of antiquity who dwelt along the southwestern shores of the Caspian Sea, in the region known as Caspiane. More often they are observed in the winter (41,3%), when the stable cyclones form above areas of Kazahkstan and Central Asia. But no rivers flow out of the Caspian, and most of the water is lost through evaporation. The most significant Iranian port on the Caspian Sea is the town of Bandar-e Anzali, the center of the Iranian caviar producing industry. The highest humidity of air on western coast is marked in northern part of Azerbaijan coast (87%), the lowest - in Apsheron (75-77%). The eastern coast is marked by several deep inlets and bays, most of which are very shallow. This is aided by the fact that much of the Caspian is very shallow, particularly in the north and the east. The annual average wind speeds are 5,0-6,3 m/sec from northern and eastern coast of Caspian to Gara-Bogaz-Gol Gulf and increase up 7 m/sec around Mangishlag peninsula and capes. A decades-long legal dispute over the status of the Caspian Sea is finally resolved, meaning Azerbaijan, Russia, Iran, Kazakhstan and Turkmenistan will soon be open to luxury cruise trips. The amount of precipitation on the Caspian coast depends on interaction of originally different air masses with relief of the coast. Ang dagat ng Caspian ay matatagpuan sa Europe at Asia. The Caspian region is now one of … Language: Name: Name source: English: Caspian Sea: Wikipedia : PlaceType: Lake : Latitude: 41° 50' 51.5" N (41.84763°) Longitude: 50° 21' 24.5" E (50.3568°) All eastern winds make up on average 35,9% per a year. The Caspian Sea region, which includes Russia, Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, and Iran, is one of the oldest oil-producing areas in the world and is an increasingly important source of global energy production.The area has significant oil and natural gas reserves from both offshore deposits in the Caspian Sea itself and onshore fields in the region. The Caspian Sea is considered by many to be the largest lake in the world, lake or sea, it is the largest enclosed inland body of water on Earth with an area of 371,000 km² (without the Garabogazköl Bay), compared, the Caspian Sea is larger than Germany or somewhat smaller than the US state of Montana. Sea life in the Caspian has mostly been cut off from other marine populations for millions of years, though recently there has been some colonization of Mediterranean species via the Don-Volga Canal. History records that it's called a sea because the Romans found it salty, especially in the southern reaches, and the name stuck. The disposition of Caspian Sea in rather low latitudes causes intensive influx of solar radiation. The humidity of air does not change much in the cold period of year, making 80-87% on western coast and 75-80% on eastern coast. 14 THE SECURITY OF THE CASPIAN SEA REGION The number of Russia’s allies in the region shrank during the latter half of the 1990s. The Caspian Sea’ws unique fish resources and oil and gas fields are projected to provide a significant source of food and economic prosperity to the Caspian region, as well as energy to many parts of the world. Beginning in May 2005, oil from the southern sections of the Caspian Sea began pumping through a new pipeline (built by a BP-led consortium) to the Turkish seaport of Ceyhan. It is bordered on the northeast by Kazakhstan, on the southeast by Turkmenistan, on the south by Iran, on the southwest by Azerbaijan, and on the northwest by Russia. It is unique among the world's inland seas in that it is completely isolated from the rest of the global ocean and has a distinctive continental climate which gives the area extremes in temperature, from very hot summers to very cold winters. When waters from these bays evaporate, significant valuable chemical compounds are left behind. It is the story of humans depleting and destroying the free gifts of the world. (Comparable evaporite be… Five Caspian states – Russia, Iran, Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, and Turkmenistan – have adopted a convention on the legal status of the Caspian Sea. Caspian Sea (kăs`pēən), Lat. Sea economies, commodities account for three fourth or more of total exports; in two countries the Turkmenistan 0% In all countries in the Caspian Sea region, except 2.6 +4.1%) since oil and gas prices have dropped more Metals and minerals importers at the same time have also benefited Turkey share is about ha one third. The forested coastal plains rise up quickly into the Alborz Mountains. It changes within 2,4-3,9 balls limits over the most part of water area and over shoreline. Humidity
The Caspian Sea is the largest enclosed inland body of water on Earth by area, variously classed as the world's largest lake or a full-fledged sea. The largest range of monthly average airtemperatures in deep-water areas of the Middle Caspian is 20,5 - 22°C, of the South Caspian it is 18 - 20°C. 3.3). The Caspian Sea, like the Black Sea, is a remnant of the ancient Paratethys Sea. The coldest month above the southwestern and central areas of the sea is February. The approach of the strongest colds in February is one of the most typical features of climate. Solar radiation
Natural gas supplied from the Caspian Sea region's countries accounted for the largest share of Turkey's imports in August as Russia, Azerbaijan, and Iran were top importers to the country. The Caspian stretches for over 620 mi (1,000 km) from north to south, and between 125 and 250 mi (200 and 400 km) east to west, totaling 143,270 square mi (393,000 square km) in area. The radiation balance is positive since March till October for all water area of the sea and has maximal values in June and July (11-12 k.kal/sm2 per month). On the Iranian coast it falls out about 1000-1200 mm of precipitation per year because of humid climate. The cloudiness above Caspian Sea is more in the winter than in other seasons of year and its value changes form 5,5 ball on the southeast to 8 balls on the northwest. Lokasyon ng Caspian Sea. It would be reasonable to assume that the Caspian Sea is, well, a sea. Introduction . Within Northern Caspian it comes down to 50k.kal/sm2, within Middle and South Caspian it reaches 65 k.kal/sm2. Other major ports include Astrakhan, Derbent, and the former Soviet naval station at Krasnovodsk, now in Turkmenistan. The Caspian Sea is the largest lake on Earth by both area and volume.It has a surface area of 371,000 square kilometres (143,000 square miles). Surplus of radiation heat predetermines intensive evaporation on what is spent 54 k.kal/sm2 of heat, and intensive connective heat exchange with an atmosphere. Soviet Volga dam projects significantly lowered the levels of the Caspian in general from the 1930s to the 1970s, when environmental damage became too great to continue to be ignored. Development of Caspian Sea oil and natural gas, along with the necessary export pipelines, has been slowed by regional conflicts, political instability, and a lack of regional cooperation. At the height of the Soviet era, this seal was made complete and the bay completely disappeared (a disappearance of several thousand square kilometers of water). Cloud cover
The negative balance is only in December: form 2 k.kal/sm2 on the north of the sea to 1 k.kal/sm2 on the south (Fig. The area has significant oil and natural gas reserves from both offshore deposits in the Caspian Sea itself and onshore fields in the Caspian basin. But extraction of chemical compounds was actually made more difficult than envisioned, and since the 1980s, the project has been reversed, and water is returning to Kara-Bogaz-Gol. Generally, the cloudiness on western coast of Middle Caspian is the greatest in all seasons that is … The cloudiness above Caspian Sea is more in the winter than in other seasons of year and its value changes form 5,5 ball on the southeast to 8 balls on the northwest. Map is showing the Caspian Sea, an inland sea at the crossroads of Europe and Asia. For the original maps you can search the maps catalogue to find the owner. It became landlocked about 5.5 million years ago due to tectonic uplift and a fall in sea level. There have been many incidences of other commons being destroyed like, the Black Sea, depleted fisheries, and other parts of the ocean. Caspian is the English version of the Greek ethnonym Kaspioi, mentioned twice by Herodotus among the Achaemenid satrapies of Darius and applied by Strabo. The Caspian Sea region is one of the oldest oil-producing areas in the world and is an increasingly important source of global energy production. (Fig.1.3). These parts are also very low-lying: The lowest point in Europe is the surface of the Caspian Sea, 89 ft (27 m) below sea level. Its seafloor is, therefore, a standard oceanic basalt and not a continental granite body. The Caspian has for 40 to 44% of the total lake waters of the world. With security of energy supply high on the international agenda, and with fears of resource shortages re-surfacing, the countries of the Caspian region are stepping onto the global stage, claiming for themselves new roles as providers of resources to the world. Mare Caspium or Mare Hyrcanium, salt lake, c.144,000 sq mi (373,000 sq km), between Europe and Asia; the largest lake in the world. The radiation balance for all water area of the sea is positive and averages out 60 k.kal/sm2. Azerbaijan, Georgia and Uzbekistan were the most determined in the search for closer cooperation with Western states. The average annual distribution of humidity is shown in Figure 3.2. If implemented, the region is likely to be defined by Russia’s geopolitical ambitions and Iran’s geo-economic anxieties in the near future. "The Caspian Sea and the lands around it are emerging again as a focus region in global affairs. Despite significant physiographic dissimilarity the water area of Caspian and its shoreline may be divided into regions with relatively stable regime of a wind direction. International Law and Concers of the Caspian Sea Region . Caspian Sea Region: Regional Conflicts. The Caspian's strategic importance lies in its abundance of energy resources. The average wind speeds are sizably lower in South Caspian: in central areas - 4-5 m/sec, on eastern coast - 3,5-4 m/sec, on the outside southeast -2,5-3 m/sec. In the high sea it decreases from 90% at the central parts of Middle Caspian to 85% at center of South Caspian. Namely, these are Russia and Azerbaijan to the northwest and west, respectively, Kazakhstanand Turkmenistan to the northeast and southeast, respectively, and Iran to the south. The Caspian was the first place to begin marine extraction of oil and is now one of the most carefully examined regions of the world for future potential in oil and natural gas, particularly in the sandy lowlands and the Mangyshlak and Cheleken peninsulas along the eastern coast. Many of the proposed export routes pass … Since the middle of March the temperature of air over eastern and western parts of the sea gets lower than over land; in the central deep-water areas of the sea and in the southwest this happens in April. The Caspian Sea is, by standard definition, the largest lake on Earth. The average annual airtemperature above the Caspian Sea changes from 10oC in the north to 17°C in the south. 3.4). Napakapopular ng dagat na ito dahil sa kanyang lokasyon. The wind speed sometimes reaches 40 m/sec there. Eventually it could be reversed for exports to China, which is intending to import over 1m b/d from the Caspian region (see Gas Market Trends No. The Caspian is the largest salt lake in the world, but that has not always been true. Distribution of average cloudiness is more uniform in the summer. The world's largest deposits of sodium sulfates are in the basin of the Kara-Bogaz-Gol Bay in Turkmenistan. It also increases towards the high sea. Genetic research has identified this region as the most probable place where horses were first domesticated. The positive size of annual radiation balance which equals difference between solar heat absorbed by the sea surface and the heat lost by the way of effective radiation testifies it. In the summer the driest site of western coast is an area of Apsheron up to the mouth of Kura River (55-66%). This is significantly depending on increase of continental temperatures. On the Iranian coast the humidity is more than 70%. Substantial differences occur between the northern and the southern section of the sea. Distribution of precipitation above water area is extremely uneven. The region consists of the three provinces of Gilan, Mazandaran and Golestan. The clear weather with cloudiness about 0-2 degrees prevails above the sea and the coast during a warm period of year; the cloudy weather with cloudiness about 8-10 balls has the largest repeatability during a cold period. The Caspian Sea, the world’s largest enclosed, inland body of water, with an area of 386,400 square kilometers and a salinity of 1.2% concentration, is located between Europe and Asia. U.S. Energy Information Administration 1000 Independence Ave., SW Washington, DC 20585. The deal officially ended a 22-year-old impasse as all interested countries finally managed to reach a consensus. Above the remaining part of the South Caspian this range also does not exceed 20°C and increases up to 22°C only in the Apsheron area and around Cheleken peninsulas. The Caspian is also home to large populations of seals, which are also hunted for their furs. The largest difference of monthly average airtemperatures is a little bit higher at the South Caspian shoreline (22° - 24°C), near the west coast it equals 21° - 24 °C (at shoreline 22 - 25 °C), near the northeastern coast it equals 24 - 25°C (increases at the shoreline up to 28°C). It holds much of the world's lacustrine (lake-associated) water: 18,881 cubic mi (78,700 cubic km) of mixed salty and brackish fresh water. The lake is endorheic (meaning it has no outflows), and sits at the border between Europe and Asia. The spring range of cloudiness variation compounds from 3,2 to 6,8 balls, moreover it increases from the southeast to the northwest. THE CASPIAN SEA IS ONE of the world's largest bodies of water, situated in a depression between RUSSIA, KAZAKHSTAN, TURKMENISTAN, IRAN, and AZERBAIJAN. (Figure 3.5)
Increase of temperature from March to July occurs uniformly. To the north of Absheron peninsula the amount of precipitation makes 400-430 mm. Caspian Summit: Consequences for the Region. In the high sea it reaches value of 80%. Direction and strength of wind blowing over Caspian are determined by three factors: distinctive general circulation of an atmosphere, field of temperature that is created by the sea itself and a relief of its coasts. Precipitations
Its volume is 78,200 cubic kilometres (18,800 cubic miles). Most famous of the Caspian fish are its sturgeon (90 percent of the world's catch), prized for their caviar. There are 115 species of fish, of which some are anadromous migrating from the Caspian up the rivers to spawn. Russia, Turkmenistan Join Forces to Improve Maritime Transport in the Caspian Sea By Azamat Batyrov November 25, 2020 A new cargo and passenger seaport in the city of Turkmenbashi is capable of handling 17 million tons of goods per year with … Wind
In this section the Caspian climate is described. The land near the Caspian Sea coastline is known for having some of the lowest above-water elevations in the world. Low speeds (2,2-3 m/sec) is observed on south-western coast, in Iranian waters and on southern coast of Caspian. It oscillates from 210 (Neft Dashlari) to 1250mm(Lenkoran zone) of precipitation per year on western coast of southern part of the sea. The Caspian Sea is the largest enclosed body of water on earth Ecological system The isolation of the Caspian basin for over two million years and its climatic and salinity gradients has created a unique ecological system with more than 400 species endemic to the Caspian Sea. The tragedy of the commons dates all the back to Aristotle. The sea contains large volumes of oil and natural gas reserves both in offshore deposits and in onshore fields in the immediate region. This paper illustrates the need for objective assessment … The seafloor drops most dramatically in this region as well, with the Caspian's greatest depths over 3,300 ft (1,000 m). The greatest annual range of monthly average airtemperature is observed in the northwestern areas (25 - 27°C) and northeastern areas of the sea. The greatest average speeds are observed in the middle part of the sea and are on average 6-7 m/sec per a year. Caspian Sea Discourse-Commissioned by the Council on Foreign Relations in 1999 to formulate a set of recommendations for U.S. policy on the Caspian region. The autumn distribution of cloudiness, which closes to the spring, is 3,6-6,7 balls. The probability of setting up wind fields of the northern rhumbs makes up on average 41% for one year; moreover their probability in the summer is more (48,7%) than in other seasons of the year. The maps are shown here as illustration. Several rivers flow into the Caspian Sea, most notably the VOLGA and the Ural in the far north and the Terek, Sulak and Kura rivers from Daghestan and the Caucasus to the west. The average speed within the water area of the sea is 5,7 m/sec. It is the largest enclosed inland body of water, and thus sometimes referred to as a sea.Caspian Sea’s surface area is 378,000 km2 or 143,200 sq mi, and it boasts a volume of 78,200 km3. It is estimated that the Caspian contains 48 billion barrels of oil and 8.7 trillion cubic meters of gas in proven or probable reserves. Their values are 8-9m/sek in the area of Absheron peninsula. During warm and dry climatic periods, the landlocked sea almost dried up, depositing evaporitic sediments like halite that were covered by wind-blown deposits and were sealed off as an evaporite sinkwhen cool, wet climates refilled the basin. The southwestern areas are also mountainous, consisting of the easternmost reaches of the CAUCASUS mountain ranges. The country has a few cities located on or near the shores of the Caspian Sae, including Zhanbay, Atyrau, Fort Shevchenko, and Tcov. Kazakhstan is located northeast of the Caspian Sea, where it has a coastline that measures 1,176 miles in length. In contrast, the southern and western shores are more steep, culminating in the nearly vertical walls along the southern coast where the ELBURZ and Talysh mountains of Iran come down to the sea. The ‘Convention on the Legal Status of the Caspian Sea’, signed by the five littoral states on 12 August, is an important step for regional security and economic development. The Caspian also suffers from pollution, primarily close to industrial centers and oil refineries along the Apsheron Peninsula of Azerbaijan, and its major city, Baku. Five countries border the Caspian Sea. 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